The COPPER TRAIL

Evidence indicates that the oldest copper tools may have been made in Wisconsin 7500 years ago.  This date is about 2,000 years before the Pharaohs in Egypt had copper.
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Recent understanding of the creation of copper is that it comes from Super Novas.
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So the copper for the tools in Wisconsin may have arrived during the Big Event.  This was hot, pure copper from outer space that plunged through two miles of ice to create Lake Superior.  Ice, copper, and earth exploded upward and fell back to rest.  Some of the copper came to rest on top of the earth.

  Millenniums later the Wisconsin people picked up that copper, heated it, and formed tools or trinkets.
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About 4,200 years ago men in boats from Europe rowed to North America.  Then the copper trade to the Mediterranean began and continued at a high sustained rate for about 1,000 years. [A PowerPoint presentation is a available.]  This span of time has been called the "Bronze Age."  The primary use for bronze in Asia Minor and Europe was for war.  Enough copper was carried away from Lake Superior to equip three hundred armies of ten thousand  men each.
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During that time the boat captains involved in the copper trade explored every possible route into and out of Lake Superior.  One of the most strategic routes was via the  Norse Waterway.
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Norse Waterway.  The north route to the copper fields around Lake Superior

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Large crew rowed boats that arrived via Hudson Bay unloaded crew-rowed long boats.   A crew of about 16 men rowed each boat.  They rowed, or poled, the boats up the Nelson River, rowed through Lake Winnipeg, and then rowed, poled, and pulled the boats up the Red River.  North of the present city of Moorhead, MN the crews, who walked on the prairies without trees, pulled their long boats about forty two miles up the Buffalo River.
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  They gained 350 feet in elevation to a cluster of lakes lying on the Horst north of the north-south continental divide.  
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Stakke Lake at 1364 feet elevation was the highest lake at the north end of the Norse Waterway.  There is a seven mile potrage required to carry cargo from Stinking Lake, which is the last water that could float boats on the east edge of the Red River Valley, to Stakke Lake.  The copper haulers developed three shorter portages to lift boats from Stinking Lake to Duck Lake to Boyer Lake to Stakke Lake.

From Stakke Lake the boat crews were able to row downstream to the Mississippi above Minneapolis with the exception of a four mile portage and an eight mile pull upstream to Alexander Lake.

 At Minneapolis they loaded up with copper that had been floated down to Minneapolis [Small place to sit or lie] from Lake Superior.  Then they floated and rowed downstream to over winter in Yucatan.
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The purple line, in the photo above, traces the route through the Minnesota rivers and lakes from the beginning at the Red River-Buffalo River junction until the connection to the Mississippi River.
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Hjalmar Holand solved the riddle of the Norse waterway by 1928.  No authority has substantially changed Holand's conclusions for nearly a century.  But the copper trail, the Minnesota section of the Norse waterway, and the Kensignton Rune Stone are not described in history books.
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The museum displaying the Kensington Rune Stone describes it as GENUINE."   

Why is the VALID information punched  into GENUINE stone not discussed in all history classes? 

Drottkvaett

OCEAN HIGHWAYS

OCEAN HIGHWAYS

The above picture of ABORA III shows a replica of a boat 6,000 years ago when the oceans  were highways.  The boat in this picture sailed the length of the Mediterranean, twice, and nearly 2,000 miles of the Atlantic before it came apart in heavy seas.  The damage to the ship may have been caused more by poor human decisions than by the weakness of the ship.

The Abora III was built from a design 6,000 years old.  The Maritime Archaic people left similar artifacts on both sides of the Atlantic that are estimated to be more than 6,000 years old.

Most sea travel at that time was by row boat using oars. People in Europe rode to America with twenty days rowing time by the northern sea way. The southern seaway had a strong current from Africa to the Carribean. When the boats were in the Carribean travel was a matter of rowing from island to island. There was no stage greater than six days at sea. The sails you see on the Abora were used to return to Europe with the prevailing winds and current. The path back to Europe was through the Azores. 

A common misconception by Europeans of the later age was that travel to America was accomplished by sail rather than oars. Columbus's exploration by sails was believed to be a great achievement. It was, but Columbus was not the first  person from Europe to reach America many Norse people and African people had made the trip by row boat.

Barry Cunliffe shows in A Very Short Introduction to the Celts (page 19),   a map of Western Europe and the west half of the Mediterranean where he has sketched a 50-100 mile zone inland along all coasts.  Cunliffe makes a hypothesis that the people in the zones along the coast spoke a common language at one time long ago.  This situation implies that language and beliefs traveled by boat.

Reider T. Sherwin, in The Viking and the Red Man, compiled over 15,000 comparisons to show evidence that the Algonquin Language and Old Norse were similar language.  “Algonquin” is the name given by French explorers to the language they encountered in America in the 17^th century.  But the oldest American history reports that the American people, who were Norse, called themselves “Lenape” in the 12^th century.  So the correct name for the American language is “Lenape.”   “Lenape,” “Algonquin” or “Old Norse” are words meaning the same language.

Lenape may have been the language of the sea people, who resettled America after the Big Event.

RED PAINT PEOPLE

The Big Event,

A paradigm is a mental model formed during a person's life time.  Sometimes the forming information is based on beliefs that are wrong or incomplete.  A new paradigm may be a better fit for a new understandings of physical evidence.  One new paradigm, called the BIG EVENT, will help you better visualize the American landscape as it developed before the Lenape began their epic migration. The paradigm of the BIG EVENT includes the evidence that northeast America had almost no people 13,000 years ago.
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[CAUTION!  Controversy area! Wikipedia has described the Impact Hypothesis as “no longer considered viable in the scientific community”.

I was not asked to present my personal experiences where I observed five distinct phenomena that could be evidence for the impact theory.  
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Also so much circumstantial evidence, such as the Copper trade routes, the variation in origin stories of the Americans, and geophysical features around the Great Lakes are better explained by an impact hypothesis than by no impact hypothesis.  I am one member of the scientific community that believes the impact hypothesis deserves to be considered.
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You may reach your own conclusions, but please consider all the evidence]
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Donna Stehling, Madison, WI, reported in December 2012:
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Near Madison, Wisconsin, archaeology evidence indicates that Ice Age people lived in rock shelters. They watched for strangers and game from pits high in the bluffs. 
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Also a few years ago an elder in the Ho-Chunk Nation began to tell stories from The Time the Ice Walked on the Ground.
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The local geology supports the Ho Chuck Elder’s stories. The last Wisconsin glacier - the Green Bay Lobe - failed a few miles south of Madison, WI. Glacial Lake Wisconsin began emptying out.  The lake overfilled Glacial Lake Merrimac.   Lake Merrimac blew through the Johnstown Moraine.  This erosion caused the Wisconsin River to re-route. 
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All this terrain evidence can be seen on the ground. There are supportive carbon dates from buried debris. There is even a skull of the Bison bison occidentals. The fire keepers (observers of nature, sky--keepers of skills and stories) warned their people to prepare because there was going to be a battle between the water and sky spirits. 
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The people were told to not witness the battle. They had to protect themselves. They were to prepare shelter for themselves in their pits high on the bluffs.  They were to have stocks of tools. They were told to prepare food for a long, difficult journey. 
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When they were given the signal, they ran to their pits, covered themselves and prayed to their creator. They did not uncover themselves until all was still. 
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The fire keepers had told the people that when they uncovered themselves, they would see the world they knew was no more.  They would need to leave to find another place.
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The Ho Chunk stories could be a description of the Big Event.
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A very persuasive body of evidence analyzed and published

by Firestone, West, and Warwick-Smith proposes that a comet

impacted the ice sheet over Lake Michigan around 13,000

years ago. It is remembered in the legends of many Native

American peoples. 

This event contributed to the demise of North American large mammals and the Clovis culture. It nearly depopulated North America, thus leaving an empty land for subsequent peoples to fill. Note: There is no evidence

of Clovis culture above (younger than) the event debris.

A PDF file of the  introduction for the pre-history for the LENAPE Epic may be viewed at Changing the Paradigm. 

OCEAN HIGHWAYS

MA Chap 4 Stanza 1

1. Long ago the fathers of the Lenape were at the land of spruce pines.
               [Translation by Moravian priests, 1820]
1. Wulamo linapioken manup shinaking.

PARAPHRASE of LENAPE, 2011

       

     Before; the pure people certainly came,

to look where there was an abundance of rivers.

Twenty one (21) rivers flow into James Bay, Canada.   But there are six (6) major rivers.  Three on each side of James Bay.  Most of the rivers flow into James Bay from the south east or south west.  The six marks of the "spruce-pine" may represent the six major rivers depicted as if the stanza maker was trying to draw what a high flying goose would see.


The stanza maker probably knew that a location named "spruce-pine" was similar to saying "anywhere and everywhere" but a location of many rivers with three major rivers coming in from the east and the west was a special place, which was located only at James Bay.


The Europeans tried to claim the land by naming the lakes, rivers, and mountains. Four (4) centuries after the French and then the English claimed the land, nine (9) of the rivers flowing into James Bay still have Lenape names.

Maalan Aarum Stanzas

TABLE of CONTENTS

LENAPE HISTORY LENAPE LAND
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EVENTS BEFORE THE LENAPE
.
THE BIG EVENT

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. Changing the paradigm

[Slide Set]
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.Ocean Highways

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 Red Paint People

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 The Sea People
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PAN NORTH-ATLANTIC CULTURE

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   COPPER TRADER
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 BRONZE AGE
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C0PPER INFO
.
COPPER STONE
.
SERPENT MOUND
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.  DROTTKVETT
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 VIKING  
WATERWAY [pdf]

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TREES PADDELED to MER RICA,

     (PINE & OAK)

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TREES PADDELED to MER RICA,

     (MAPLE)

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   TIFINAG script
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.   Mound Builders, 

   [Slide Set]
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VIKING SHIP
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GREENLANDERS
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NORSE CHRISTIANS
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MEDIEVAL IRISH
.
DORSET
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NORSE IN AMERICA

NIA
PART 1

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MISSISSIPPI CULTURE SPOKE

OLD NORSE
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KING AUTHER,
PRINCE MURDOC
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.WYNLAND

 of West

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History 

[elementary classes]
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LENAPE FIRST conclusions
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LENAPE is
OLD NORSE
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The VIKING
and the 
RED MAN
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Oldest
American
History
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MAALAN AARUM Genesis

 [Chap 1 & 2]
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 MAALAN AARUM Chap 3
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 MAALAN AARUM Chap 4, Stanza 1
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MAALAN AARUM Chap

4.1 thru 4.9
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 KILISTINO
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  LITTLE ICE AGE
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OLAUS MAGNUS
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PAMIOK ISLAND

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NORSE CHRISTIANS
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 LENAPE MIGRATION
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RESCUE MISSION
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GREENLAND
to MINNESOTA

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Frozen Trail
 to Merica

(web site)
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Frozen Trail
 to Merica (manuscript) 
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GREENLAND REPORTS

GREENLAND
 to SISSITON, SD. [Smart phone]
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  NORUMBEGA
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 TRIBES of NORSE CHRISTIAN LENAPE
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 LENAPE
 WIKI VERSION
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 PARADIGM SHIFT

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 LENAPE
LINKED IN GROUP

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APPENDIX:

Forward
of Frozen Trail
to Merica 

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Evidence of Greenland
and America
pre-history
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 PRESENTATIONS

  Biography

. Selected Bibilography

LENAPE Migration

ROUTE OF LENAPE MIGRATION

LENAPE means to "abide with the pure."

The word "Lenape" was first used 880 years ago by a Roman Catholic Bishop who abode in North America.  About 660 years ago 4,000 Lenape in Greenland began a 150 year, 4,000 mile migration to the Atlantic coast of North America.  Their route was over the ice to James Bay, west to the Nelson River, south to the Missouri River, east across the Mississippi River, up the Ohio River, over the Alleghenies, and then they spread along the Atlantic coast from northern New York to the Carolinas.

In 1708 when the data for the Carte du Canada were collected, the Lenape, who lived the ethics of Christ, occupied more than twenty times the area of the European Christians who carried guns.

This blog will focus on the story of the Lenape epic.  But first, viewers will appreciate the epic more if they have a workable mental model of North America as it was at the time the epic started.  So this blog will begin with the time before the Lenape.

If you wish to jump directly to the Lenape epic, then read Ancient American Magazine issue #90

 or study the Lenape Epic in Migration & Diffusion.

PLANNED TOPICS